Annealing, quenching and heat treatment of alloyed tool steel
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Types of annealing
To obtain the equilibrium structure of alloyed tool steel, the following annealing types are used:
| Types of annealing | Temperature | What’s happening |
| Recrystallization | 720−770 ° С | It removes the hardening obtained during cold deformation. |
| Full | 780−850 ° С | Internal stresses are removed and the initial structure of steels is corrected, which becomes fine-grained. |
| Incomplete | t ° C transformation of perlite into austenite | Preparation of the product for subsequent hardening, as well as to reduce hardness. |
| Annealing on granular perlite | 680−740 ° С | The hardness is reduced and the machinability of tool carbon steels is improved. |
| Isothermal | 700−750 ° С | The ultimate hardness is 200… 250 HB; |
| Diffusion | Above the transformation interval (by 180−300 ° C | It turns out a homogeneous structure in large hammer dies. |
Cooling
Cooling of alloyed tool steels after annealing can be performed in two schemes. The first is first cooled with a furnace at reduced speeds, and then — in the air. The second scheme includes isothermal aging, cooling with the furnace, and then — in calm air. Supplier Auglob offers to buy tool steel at a bargain price. The price is the best in this segment of rental.
Hardening
The quenching regimes depend on the chemical composition of instrumental alloyed steels, the level of its physical and mechanical properties and the configuration of the product. Distinguish:
- Full hardening, at which heating occurs above the austenitic transformation temperature. Depending on the rate of cooling, the structure of the steel can be martensitic-austenitic, or, at reduced temperatures, be sorbitol and troostite quenched;
- Isothermal quenching, by conducting which, the steel is heated somewhat above normal temperatures, and is cooled in oil or salt melts until the austenite completely decays. At the same time, residual stresses and warping of a tool of complex shape are reduced;
- With stepwise quenching, the transformation of austenite to martensite occurs as a result of alternate cooling / heating in the zone of austenitic perlite transformation. Cooling is performed in a hot environment, and only then — in the air.
To improve the quality of tempering it should be carried out in furnaces with a controlled atmosphere. After tempering, a holiday is made, during which internal stresses are eliminated, the hardness decreases somewhat, but the fragility of the steels under consideration is also reduced.
Delivery, price
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