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Ytterbium brand, chemical structure
General characteristics
Ytterbium is a light gray metal belonging to rare earth yttrium subgroup. It is an element of the 6th period, the third group of the periodic system D. I. Mendeleev, where oboznachen Yb. The atomic number of 70, To t° 792 °C ytterbium has a cubic α-lattice-type copper, and at a higher temperature becomes β-volume-centered lattice, such α-Fe. In the lithosphere, its content is 0.33 g/t ytterbium Most rich hydrothermal minerals are granite pegmatites. The main method of obtaining the restoration of the oxide Yb2 O3 with lanthanum or carbon in a vacuum, or by electrolysis of the molten chloride, YbCl3.
| Physical quality Yb | |
|---|---|
| Atomic (molar) mass, g/mol | 173,04 |
| The degree of oxidation | 3, 2 |
| Density [g/cm3] | 6,9654 |
| The melting temperature t°C | 824°C |
| The heat of fusion kJ/mol | 3,25 |
| The thermal conductivity K [W/(m·K)] | 34,9 |
| Heat of evaporation kJ/mol | 159 |
Application
Nuclear physics, electronics, fabrication of thermoelectric materials. Of the oxide Yb2 O3 is produced in fiber optics lasers. Ytterbium ions are able to generate laser radiation in the infrared range with a wavelength of about 1,065 microns. Ytterbium in demand for industrial production of magnetic alloys. The single crystal alloy of fluoride YbF3, and barium fluoride doped with holmium also is used for the manufacture of lasers. From borate ytterbium produces a special enamel and glass, necessary to nuclear energy.
Electronics uses ytterbium as the dielectric for receipt of MIS structures. By neutron irradiation in a nuclear reactor, it is converted into hafnium isomer, which can also be used as the battery energy, but these developments today are still in the theoretical stage. Ytterbium serves as getpagetitle in electro-vacuum devices. Based on it produce crystal phosphors (phosphors). With it lagerbuchse special alloys. He belongs to the group of non-ferrous metals from it produce as a varietal, and flat-rolled products: wire, circle, sheet.
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