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Aluminum Bicycle GOST
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The thirteenth element in table of D. I. Mendeleev is the aluminium, where it is marked Al. Belongs to the group of most light metals is one of the three most common in the earth’s crust elements. Its distinguishing feature is the low specific weight, as well as the ability to easily undergo any mechanical treatment. He has a high electro-conductivity. And thanks to the surface oxide film, it is resistant to corrosion.
Physical quality
It is a paramagnetic metal with a white-silvery shade, very light. Density = 2.7 g/cm3. At t° 658 — 660 °C (depending on purity) aluminium melts and boils at 2500 °C. the Specific heat of fusion is 390 kJ/kg. Specific heat of evaporation = of 10.53 MJ/kg. Hardness Brinnell within 24 to 32 kgf/mm2. Rupture strength of 10−12 kg/mm2, and the alloy it will be 38−42 kg/mm2. High ductility is 50% pure aluminium and 35% technical. It has a high thermal conductivity 203,5 W/(m•K) and electrical conductivity 0,037 Ohm • mm2/m, which represents approximately 66% of the conductivity of copper. 0,0179 Ohm • mm2/m. This small paramagnetic material with a linear extension 24,58•10-6/°C (t° from 20 to 200°C). It can form alloys with almost all metals, most frequently silicon, magnesium, copper.
Under normal conditions on the surface of aluminum forms a thin solid oxide film, which allows him to interact with oxidants such as H2 O, O2, HNO3. This, as well as low specific weight are the main reasons for such extensive applications as a structural material.
| Physical quality Al | |
|---|---|
| Atomic (molar) mass, g/mol | 26,98 |
| Atomic number | 13 |
| Density [g/cm3] | 2,7 |
| The melting temperature t°C | 660,3°C |
| The degree of oxidation | 3 |
| The thermal conductivity K [W/(m·K)] | 237 |
| Molar volume cm3/mol | 10 |
Dignity
Aluminium is lighter than steel 3 times. It is corrosion resistant, perfectly stamped, cut, drilled, has high conductivity and is not toxic. It is used in food industry for the manufacture of foil, kitchen ware, different packages. However, today this sector it began to displace such material as carbon fiber. Probably the only drawbacks of aluminum is low strength. To increase the strength, it is alloyed with magnesium and copper.
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