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Lutetium brand, chemical structure
General characteristics
Lutetium is a silvery white, very ductile metal from the group of lanthanides, the element of the third group of the periodic system of the chemical. elements, where it is denoted as Lu. Atomic number 71, atomic weight 174,967. Impurity of lutetium was first discovered in the mineral gadolinite. Today industrial production to separate it from other lanthanides uses the method of ion exchange, fractional crystallization and extraction. LuF3 is reduced to metal with calcium. In the series of lanthanides, lutetium is the most refractory and severe, it t° melting is 1663 °C.
| Physical quality Lu | |
|---|---|
| Atomic (molar) mass, g/mol | 174,967 |
| The degree of oxidation | 3 |
| Density [g/cm3] | Of 9.84 |
| The melting temperature t°C | 1663°C |
| Molar volume cm3/mol | 17,8 |
| The thermal conductivity K [W/(m·K)] | 16,4 |
| Heat of evaporation kJ/mol | 402 |
Chemical properties
In air at normal conditions, the Lutetia is covered with a protective oxide film. It oxidizes at temperatures over 400 °C and enters also in the interaction with Halogens, sulfur and other nonmetals. Soluble inorganic acids with formation of salts. Readily forms fluorides with hydrofluoric acid. Hydroxide, Lu (OH) 3 obtained when the hydrolysis of soluble salts.
Application
Lutetium is the basis of conductive heat-resistant ceramics. Alloys of lutetium — magnetic materials, which allows their use for cylindrical magnetic domains and media. Modern physics uses the oxide of Lu2 O3 for neutron absorbers in the nuclear cauldrons of the activation detector, to control the properties of the superconducting metal oxide ceramics. Determination of impurities of oxides of europium, samarium, lutetium spectral method is normalized GOST 23862.3−79. With the help of Lutetia lagerbuchse chromium-Nickel heat-resistant alloys to improve the processability and mechanical. Alloys of lutetium make these types of rolled products such as sheet, wire, circle.
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