History of bronze. Physical and mechanical properties
Are you interested in the history of the discovery and the properties of bronze from the supplier company AvecGlob? Here you will find the necessary information on this topic.
History of the discovery of the alloy
According to the latest data, the earliest bronze tin bronze artifacts in Eurasia were discovered in Plocnik, the place of Vinca culture in Serbia.
Archaeologists extracted a piece of tin bronze foil from a layer dated to the middle of the fifth millennium BC. The discovery caused a reassessment of fourteen early tin-bronze artifacts from the Balkans. It was also found that the found bronze fragments originate from the smelting of copper-tin ores.
Bronze in the cast state was first used about 5000 BC. in the region of the Iranian plateau. The raw materials contained copper and arsenic, thus, arsenic bronze was obtained. Approximately the same is the chemical composition of bronze sculptures found in Benin. Addition of arsenic in bronze casting is practiced now.
The use of copper with traces of other metals was more desirable than pure copper, as it increased the strength of the alloy. The beginning of the early Bronze Age was manifested in Armenia, at Sinai, in Taurus, in Persia, and further in the Balkans, the Mediterranean, Switzerland and Northern Europe.
Supplier — AvekGlob Company — offers to purchase assortment of various bronze alloys of domestic and foreign brands. Products can be bought at a price formed on the basis of European and world standards. Implementation is possible in bulk and retail, for regular customers, a flexible system of discounts operates.
Properties of different types of bronze
Bronze is more complex than copper, because during melting alloying of this alloy with tin or other metals occurs.
Bronze also melts easily, and therefore it is easier to cast. The alloy is harder than pure iron and much more resistant to corrosion. Replacement of iron for bronze in guns and weapons from about 1000 BC. was the result of an excess of iron compared to copper and tin, and not to the benefits inherent in iron.
The so-called bell-metal, characterized by its high sound quality when struck, is in fact a bronze with a high tin content (not less than 20−25%). Sculptural bronze with a tin content of less than 10% and an admixture of zinc and lead is technically brass.
Bronze improves in terms of hardness and strength by adding a small amount of phosphorus to the basic composition. Phosphorous bronze can contain 1… 2% phosphorus in the ingot, but its strength, however, increases for applications such as plunger pumps, valves and bushings. Also useful in engineering are manganese bronzes, in which, with a small amount of tin (or complete absence of tin), there may be a significant amount of zinc and up to 4.5% manganese. Aluminum bronzes containing up to 16% aluminum and small amounts of other metals, such as iron or nickel, are particularly strong and corrosion-resistant; they can be cast or forged into fittings, pump parts, gears, ship propellers and turbine blades.
In addition to the traditional use in weapons or tool production, bronze is also widely used in coinage and jewelry, for the production of costume jewelery.
Supplier — AvekGlob Company — offers various types of rolled and cast bronze from domestic and foreign production. The products are offered at affordable prices from the manufacturer. The supplier guarantees the timely delivery of products to any address specified by the consumer.